Here’s a visual representation of the current state of our repository: In the example above, we’ve created a new repository and added three commits to it, creating a new file per commit. git commit -m "Create second file" touch file3.txt git add. # adding the file to the stage git commit -m "Create first file" # commiting the file touch file2.txt git add. Mkdir git-switch-demo # creating a folder cd git-switch-demo git init # initializing a repository touch file1.txt # creating the first file git add. Here, we’ll just cover the easiest way to create a branch in Git, which is simply using the branch command from the current branch. We already have a whole post explaining how you can create a branch in Git, covering the four mains ways to do that. Speaking of which… How Do I Create a New Branch? That’s why it’s so cheap and fast to create branches in Git. When you create a new branch, all that happens is that a new reference is created pointing to a commit. For instance, when you create a new commit, the current branch reference is updated to point to it. References, on the other hand, change a lot. There are commands that appear to change things, but they actually create new commits. You can’t change a commit in any way or move its position in history. The main types of references are-you’ve guessed it-branches. References point to other references or to objects. The main types of objects in a Git repository are commits. How do branches work in Git? The first thing you need to know is that a repository in Git is made up of objects and references. Let’s get started! How Do Git Branches Work? Before we get there, though, we start with some basics, explaining what branches actually are in Git, how they work and how you create them.īefore wrapping up, we share a bonus tip, covering how to check out remote branches. This post attempts to clear up some of that confusion by offering a guide on how to successfully git switch branch in an easy and safe way. People often get confused when trying to manage their branches. In Git, the opposite is often true: branching is so cheap that most people do it a lot. They make a huge deal out of it, and developers just give up, preferring workflows that don’t rely on many branches. In most other VCS tools, branching is this elaborate ceremony. One of the most glaring examples of said differences is branching. Repositories in Git work in a fundamentally different way from most other tools. Moreover, the git log command shows no new commit on master.The following is a guest blog post written by Carlos Schults. For example, the removed file Readme.md has come back. Next, let’s switch back to the master branch and check if it’s unmodified: $ git switch masterĪs we’ve seen, on the master branch, all changes to the working tree files we made previously have been restored. Then, we’ve committed the changes to the feature2 branch. Further, all uncommitted changes have been moved from master to the feature2 branch. & git commit -m 'feature2 is done'ġ file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)Īs we can see in the output above, git switch -C creates a new branch feature2 and brings us to feature2. Next, let’s use the git switch command to move these uncommitted changes to a new branch called feature2: $ git switch -C feature2 This time, we’ve removed the file Readme.md and added a new ReadmeNew.md file. Next, let’s do the same test as git checkout -b on the myRepo project: $ git branchĪs we can see in the output above, we’re currently on the master branch. It works pretty much the same as the git checkout -b command. Moreover, we can use the -C option to create a new branch and switch to it in one shot. As its name implies, git switch allows us to switch between branches. Therefore, Git has introduced the git switch command since version 2.23 to clear some of the confusion from the checkout command’s overloaded usage. The usage of the checkout command is pretty overloaded. The same command can do many different kinds of operations, such as restoring the working tree files, switching branches, creating branches, moving the head, and so on. Further, there is no new commit on master, either.Īs we’ve known, Git’s checkout command is like a Swiss Army knife. There is no local change on the master branch, as we can see in the output. Now, let’s switch back to the master branch and check if we’ve left it unchanged: $ git checkout master Next, let’s stage and commit the changes: $ git add. No changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")Īs the commands above show, we’ve created the feature1 branch and moved all uncommitted changes from master to feature1. " to discard changes in working directory) Next, let’s test the git checkout command on our myRepo project: $ git branch Moreover, this command will leave the current branch as it is and bring all uncommitted changes to the new branch. The git checkout -b command will create a new branch and switch to it.
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